Neolithic Settlement on the Swabian Alb, Southern Germany

International Field School in Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research

 

Sponsored by:
University of Illinois at Springfield, USA

University of Tübingen, Germany

National Science Foundation

 

Student funding opportunity: Support from the National Science Foundation allows us to cover all costs (airfare, housing & meals) for 6 undergraduate students and 1 graduate students during the 2007 season (July 18 - August 16). Follow link below to apply.

 

Click here for application (PDF) for NSF-supported undergraduate student participation. For fullest consideration, apply by March 23, 2007.

Click here to read a 1-page summary of the NSF proposal.

 

Program Dates

Program Objectives

The Archaeological Research Project

Faculty Mentors

More Information about the Field School

The Archaeological Field Course in Southwest Germany offers training in systematic data collection techniques including excavation, survey, mapping, auger testing, artifact identification and analysis. Participants will contribute to data collection for an on-going research project, and will learn about the prehistory and environment of southern Germany through lectures and excursions. The field school also offers a unique international experience to students who will live in a small German village, visit the university town of Tübingen and the medieval center of Ulm, and tour nearby archaeological sites.

The three and a half week course will be based in the small town of Blaubeuren, near Ulm in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Students and faculty will live in comfortable apartments with shared rooms at the Gasthaus Lamm in Blaubeuren-Asch. This is the 7th season of a long-term regional archaeological project. No previous experience in archaeological fieldwork is required, nor is knowledge of German necessary (though both can be an advantage).

Program dates: The overseas component of the program will begin in Blaubeuren, Germany on July 18 and end on August 16, 2007. Students are expected to complete background readings in an on-line format (available through any internet connection) before the trip to Germany.

Program objectives

This course offers training in archaeological methods in a research environment. The field course is part of a long-term research project on Neolithic settlement of upland and hill areas of southern Germany. The Neolithic (early farming period) in this area begins about 5400 B.C., when early farmers of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) tradition were spreading across Central Europe, establishing farmsteads and longhouse villages primarily in fertile, well-watered valleys. Our project focuses on a poorly understood aspect of early Neolithic society and economy – their use of resources from surrounding uplands and hill areas including the Swabian Alb limestone plateau.

The Swabian Alb is a karst region that in the present day has no surface water and somewhat poor agricultural soils. For this reason it is certainly not a typical location for early Neolithic settlement. Work by amateur archaeologists and our own previous survey and test excavation, however, shows abundant evidence of Neolithic activities. These include areas with many chipped stone artifacts and debris from stone tool-making found on modern plowed fields near natural outcrops of the local Jurassic chert. Swabian Jurassic chert, a naturally available stone, was the major raw material used for making stone tools in the Neolithic, and it is found only up on the limestone plateau, not in the surrounding lowlands where Neolithic farmsteads and villages are more common. The primary aim of our project is to learn more about Neolithic activities on the Swabian Alb – did Neolithic people live and farm here, or did they only make short visits to obtain chert? Did they collect chert from loose sediments on the surface, as we can do from plowed fields today, or did they dig to get more chert from the underlying sediments or limestone? Did Neolithic people carry away whole blocks of stone for transport to lowland sites, or did local people make tools, possibly for trade with lowland groups? Chert mining from this period has been documented in nearby Bavaria, where high-quality chert was dug out of deep shafts up to 8 meters deep, but we know little about the acquisition, processing and transport of the Jurassic cherts of the Swabian area.

The Archaeological Research Project

The NSF-supported research project is a collaboration between the University of Illinois-Springfield and the University of Tübingen, Germany. We combine excavation, remote sensing, archaeological survey and geological fieldwork to investigate how early farmers in southern Germany acquired, processed and transported stone raw materials found on the Swabian Alb plateau between the modern cities of Blaubeuren and Ulm. Previous work included archaeological survey of plowed fields to assess the location of surface artifact scatters (2002-2006), analysis of many thousands of stone artifacts and ceramics from private collections (2003-2006), geomagnetic survey at several locations where dense surface scatters were found (2004-2006), and test excavation at two locations where geomagnetic survey indicated possible archaeological features (2006). Results so far suggest that Neolithic settlement began during the LBK in the study area, and that Neolithic activities in the area continued into the Middle and later Neolithic.

In test excavations in 2006, we uncovered large pits filled with settlement debris dating to the Middle Neolithic. They included ceramics, possible daub from house walls, and very abundant evidence of stone tool manufacture. This suggests that at least by this time, Neolithic people had established settlements on the Swabian Alb. We also found earlier Neolithic (LBK) ceramics in one of our test excavations in 2006. Perhaps most interesting, our test excavations during 2006 also showed evidence of a good deal of landscape change since Neolithic times on the relatively gentle, rolling Swabian Alb plateau. We conclude this because the Middle Neolithic pits were buried beneath a thick layer of redeposited sediment (up to 90 centimeters thick) washed down from upslope. Many artifacts were also found in the redeposited sediment, indicating that other parts of the site have been destroyed by erosion.

During the 2007 season, we will carry out test excavations at several dense surface artifact scatters where geomagnetic survey indicates there may be buried pits and other features. We will also work with geologists from the University of Tübingen to begin reconstructing the Neolithic landscape. Results of fieldwork will be combined with on-going analysis of survey results and private collections to answer questions about the Neolithic settlement and use of local chert in this upland region.

Click here to read more about the project in www.jungsteinsite.de, an online publication (Knipper et al. 2005).

Faculty mentors:

Dr. Lynn Fisher, University of Illinois-Springfield (project co-PI)

Dr. Susan Harris, University of California, Santa Barbara (project co-PI)

Corina Knipper, M.A., University of Tübingen (project co-PI)

Dr. Rainer Schreg, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz (project co-PI)

Dr. Harald Floss, University of Tübingen

Dr. Linda T. Grimm, Oberlin College

Dr. Miriam Haidle, University of Tübingen

Dr. Petra Kieselbach, University of Tübingen

Dr. Peter Kühn, Geology Department, University of Tübingen

Dr. Arno Patzelt, Terrana Geophysics

Prof. Dr. Thomas Scholten, Geology Department, University of Tübingen

To learn more about the field course, click here.
For information about eligibility and NSF support for undergraduate students, click here.

For further information, contact:

Lynn Fisher
Associate Professor, Anthropology
Sociology/Anthropology Program
University of Illinois at Springfield
1 University Plaza, MS UHB 3010           
Springfield, IL 62703
(217) 206-7938
fisher.lynn@uis.edu

University of Illinois at Springfield

Eligibility and NSF Support for Students

About the Field Course: Instruction and Educational Goals


This page created by L. Fisher.
Last modified 4 January 2007.
fisher.lynn@uis.edu